Montenegro - WikipediaCoordinates: 42°30′N 19°18′E / 42. 500°N 19. 300°E MontenegroCrna Gora (Montenegrin)Црна Гора (Montenegrin) Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Oj, svijetla majska zoro(English: "Oh, Bright Dawn of May")Location of Montenegro (green)in Europe (dark grey) – [Legend]Capitaland largest cityPodgorica42°47′N 19°28′E / 42. 783°N 19.
[24] Etymology[edit] The country's English name derives from Venetian and translates as "Black Mountain", deriving from the appearance of Mount Lovćen when covered in dense evergreen forests. [25] The native name Crna Gora, also meaning "black mountain" or "black hill", was mentioned for the first time in a charter issued by Stefan Milutin. [26] It came to denote the majority of contemporary Montenegro in the 15th century. [27] Modern-day Montenegro was more and more known by that name in the historical period following the fall of the Serbian Despotate. [28] Originally, it had referred to only a small strip of land under the rule of the Paštrovići tribe, but the name eventually came to be used for the wider mountainous region after the Crnojević noble family took power in Upper Zeta.
467°EOfficial languagesMontenegrin[1]Languages in official use Albanian Bosnian Croatian Serbian[2] Ethnic groups (2011[3])44. 9% Montenegrins28. 7% Serbs8. 6% Bosniaks4. 9% Albanians8. 7% Others4. 0% No answerReligion (2011)76. 0% Christianity—72. 1% Eastern Orthodoxy—3. 9% Other Christian19. 1% Islam1. 3% No religion1. 1% Others2. 6% No answerDemonym(s)MontenegrinGovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic• President Milo Đukanović• Prime Minister Dritan Abazović (acting)• Speaker Danijela ĐurovićLegislatureSkupštinaEstablishment history• Principality of Duklja 10th century• Kingdom of Duklja 1077• Lordship of Zeta 1356• Prince-Bishopric 1516• Principality proclaimed 1852• Independence recognised 1878• Kingdom proclaimed 1910• Unification with Serbia 1918• Socialist Republic 1945• State union with Serbia 1992• Independence restored 2006Area • Total13, 812 km2 (5, 333 sq mi) (156th)• Water (%)2.
[119][120][121] Languages[edit] The official language in Montenegro is Montenegrin. Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, and Croatian are recognised in usage. Montenegrin, Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian are mutually intelligible as standard varieties of the Serbo-Croatian language. Montenegrin is the plurality mother-tongue of the under-18 population. [122] Previous constitutions endorsed Serbo-Croatian as the official language in SR Montenegro and Serbian of the Ijekavian standard during the 1992–2006 period. Religion[edit] Montenegro has historically stood at the crossroads of multiculturalism and over centuries this has shaped its unique co-existence between Muslim and Christian populations. [123] Montenegrins have historically been members of the Serbian Orthodox Church (governed by the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral).
[51] The Law on the Status of the Descendants of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty was passed by the Parliament of Montenegro on 12 July 2011. It rehabilitated the Royal House of Montenegro and recognised limited symbolic roles within the constitutional framework of the republic. In 2015, the investigative journalists' network OCCRP named Montenegro's long-time President and Prime Minister Milo Đukanović "Person of the Year in Organized Crime". [52] The extent of Đukanović's corruption led to street demonstrations and calls for his removal.